Cloud Fundamentals
What a cloud account really contains: resources, identity, billing, and quotas. How AWS accounts, Google Cloud projects, and Azure subscriptions differ, and what to review when you take one over.
6 min read
Cloud Fundamentals
IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS define how much of the stack you run versus the provider. See where AWS, Google Cloud, Azure, DigitalOcean, Hetzner, and Google Workspace fit, and how to choose a layer.
5 min read
Cloud Fundamentals
Regions and availability zones decide latency, price, quotas, data residency, and fault tolerance. How AWS, Google Cloud, Azure, DigitalOcean, Hetzner, and BinaryLane structure locations, and how to choose.
5 min read
Cloud Fundamentals
A vCPU is a share of a physical processor, not a whole core. Learn how shared, dedicated, and burstable vCPUs differ, how vCPU quotas work, and how to size a cloud server.
5 min read
Cloud Fundamentals
Service quotas cap how many servers, vCPUs, IPs, and API calls an account can use. Learn why providers set them, where AWS, Google Cloud, Azure, DigitalOcean, and Hetzner show them, and how to request more.
5 min read
Cloud Fundamentals
How cloud credits are granted and applied: free trial balances, promotional codes, startup program grants, and service credits, plus what changes when you upgrade and how to track expiry before value is lost.
5 min read
Cloud Fundamentals
Pay-as-you-go bills metered usage at list rates; reservations, savings plans, and committed use discounts trade flexibility for lower rates. How each model works on AWS, Azure, Google Cloud, and Oracle Cloud.
5 min read
Cloud Fundamentals
How to set budgets and billing alerts on AWS, Google Cloud, and Azure, what DigitalOcean and Hetzner offer instead, how to wire alerts to automated actions, and which thresholds actually give you time to react.
5 min read
Cloud Fundamentals
Block storage is a disk attached to one server; object storage is files over HTTP in a bucket. How EBS, S3, DigitalOcean Volumes and Spaces, and Linode storage differ, and how to choose between them.
6 min read
Cloud Fundamentals
The network pieces behind every cloud server: VPCs and private networks, subnets and CIDR ranges, security groups and Cloud Firewalls, elastic and floating IPs, NAT gateways, and load balancers on AWS, Hetzner, and Vultr.
6 min read